PDELTA02: Cantilever frame with small and big delta effects
1. Problem definition
1.1 Section properties
- Section: W14×48 (W360×72)
1.2 Material properties
- Young's modulus, E = 200 GPa (29,000 ksi)
1.3 Loading
-
Lateral point load:
- 4.45 kN (1.0 kip) causing bending about strong axis
-
Axial load cases:
- 0 kN
- 445 kN
- 667 kN
- 890 kN
2. Songeya model
As Songeya frame elements do not account for transverse shear deformation, the corresponding results from the reference document are used.
3. Results (890 kN axial)
3.1 Deformation along X
3.2 Bending moment
4. Comparison
4.1 Base bending moment
| Axial Load P (kN) | Songeya (kNm) | Reference (kNm) | Difference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 38.0 | 38.0 | 0.0% | OK |
| 445 | 53.0 | 53.1 | 0.2% | OK |
| 667 | 67.6 | 67.7 | 0.1% | OK |
| 890 | 95.9 | 96.2 | 0.3% | OK |
4.2 Tip displacement
| Axial Load P (kN) | Songeya (mm) | Reference (mm) | Difference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 22.9 | 22.9 | 0.0% | OK |
| 445 | 33.8 | 33.9 | 0.3% | OK |
| 667 | 44.5 | 44.6 | 0.2% | OK |
| 890 | 65.1 | 65.4 | 0.5% | OK |
5. Reference
American Institute of Steel Construction. (2016). ANSI/AISC 360-16: Specification for structural steel buildings. Author.